
Launched in 2012, Ripple‘s XRP Ledger – a blockchain network possessing a certain architectural elegance – and its accompanying cryptocurrency were conceived as a solution to the sluggish, Byzantine complexities of cross-border payments. Transactions, we are told, settle in a mere three to five seconds, and fees are, comparatively, negligible – fractions of a penny. A stark contrast, naturally, to the ponderous, almost geological, pace of Bitcoin. The network, Ripple Payments, boasts over three hundred banking partners across six continents – a network of connections that, while impressive, feels less like a revolutionary disruption and more like a particularly elaborate game of global telephone.